{"id":229,"date":"2011-02-17T22:31:52","date_gmt":"2011-02-17T21:31:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/?p=229"},"modified":"2011-02-24T23:56:40","modified_gmt":"2011-02-24T22:56:40","slug":"dusunceye-bir-ovgu-alfredo-m-bonanno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/?p=229","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye Bir \u00d6vg\u00fc &#8211; Alfredo M. Bonanno"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce herkesin sahip oldu\u011fu ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z bir ticari mal. \u00dcretimi ekonominin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermekte, ve t\u00fcketimi de insanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a vaktini al\u0131yor. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca karakteristi\u011fi ise netli\u011fi.<a href=\"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/files\/2011\/02\/x1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-233 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/files\/2011\/02\/x1-293x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/files\/2011\/02\/x1-293x300.png 293w, https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/files\/2011\/02\/x1.png 601w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 293px) 100vw, 293px\" \/><\/a><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Belirsiz bir fikir diye bir\u015feyin olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek aceleci davrand\u0131k. Her\u015fey ne iyi ne de k\u00f6t\u00fc.\u00a0 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin ya da ku\u015fkunun, \u00e7eli\u015fkinin ve belirsizli\u011fin ac\u0131l\u0131 teyitlerinin farkl\u0131 dereceleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye yabanc\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, onu kullananlara ve kararlar al\u0131rken t\u00fcketenlere ya da (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi) ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n kararlar\u0131na empoze edenlere b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 vermekte.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla pozitif\/negatif ikili mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131dan siyah d\u00fc\u011fmeye do\u011fru ilerleyen bir d\u00fcnyadaki bu de\u011fer yitimi, sivil birarada ya\u015fam\u0131n kendisinin geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli bir etken. \u015e\u00fcphenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmemi\u015f insafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendimizi desteklemeye devam etseydik, gelece\u011fimiz neye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc? Nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilir olurduk? Nas\u0131l \u00fcretebilirdik?<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek se\u00e7im olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 indirgendi\u011finde netlik g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar. Sadece net fikirleri olanlar ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilirler. Ama fikirler hi\u00e7 bir zaman net de\u011fildir, bu y\u00fczden arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 de\u011fil testleri, incelemeleri de\u011fil ama alternatif ikilikleri; basit anla\u015f\u0131labilir ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sa\u011flayan, fikirleri bizim i\u00e7in netle\u015ftirenler sahnededir. Yaln\u0131zca\u00a0 gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz var,\u00a0 g\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131 ya da alacakaranl\u0131k mevcut de\u011fil. Onlar bu y\u00fczden kendimizi \u015funun ya da bunun taraf\u0131nda ilan etmemiz i\u00e7in \u0131srar ederler.\u00a0 Sorunun \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nlerini bize g\u00f6stermezler, yaln\u0131zca b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir yap\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6sterirler.\u00a0 Bir evet ya da hay\u0131r\u0131n taraf\u0131nda oldu\u011fumuzu s\u00f6ylemek basit bir meseledir, ama bu basitlik onu anlamaya ve a\u00e7\u0131klamaya y\u00f6nelik bir \u00e7aba yerine karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 saklar. Hatta di\u011fer karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klara ba\u015fvurmadan a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, hi\u00e7bir karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k do\u011fru bir\u00a0 bi\u00e7imde anla\u015f\u0131lamaz. Eri\u015filebilecek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm gibi bir\u015fey yoktur. Zihnin ve kalbin ne\u015feleri ikili \u00f6nermelerle feshedildi, ve \u201cdo\u011fru\u201d kararlar\u0131n faydas\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirildiler.<\/p>\n<p>Ama hi\u00e7kimse d\u00fcnyan\u0131n olumlu ve olumsuz olmak \u00fczere, iki mant\u0131ksal ikili\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funa inanacak kadar aptal de\u011fil. Kesinlikle anlama i\u00e7in, fikirlerin yeniden devral\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bilginin yitirdi\u011fi yeri yeniden kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mek\u00e2n var.\u00a0 Bu y\u00fczden; arzu, karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n cevaplar\u0131na sahipmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ve bu nedenle bize basit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00f6neren t\u00fcm di\u011ferlerine bunu temsil ederek ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131, ba\u015fka bir yerde meydana gelmi\u015f ve ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bir\u015fey olarak tarif ederler ve bu y\u00fczden de kendilerini bilimin \u015fahitleri ve emanet\u00e7ileri olarak sunarlar.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6ylece \u00e7ember daral\u0131r. Basitle\u015ftiriciler; kendilerini sorulan fikirlerin do\u011frulu\u011funun garantileri, ve (cevaplar\u0131n) ikili \u015fekildeki s\u00fcrekli do\u011fru \u00fcretimleri olarak sunarlar. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u2013 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, \u2013 bir kere alt\u0131nda yatan dolamba\u00e7l\u0131 dokuyu anlaman\u0131n t\u00fcm kapasitesini, vicdan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcyen karma\u015f\u0131k problemlerini, sembollerin ve anlamlar\u0131n ate\u015fli eylemini, kaynaklar\u0131 ve kurumlar\u0131 yok etti\u011finde, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n birle\u015ftirici dokular\u0131n\u0131 da yok eder. Ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin yaln\u0131zca iki olas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ya da kapal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ikili kodlama evreninde onlar\u0131 imha eder. Ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi \u00f6zetleyen model, di\u011ferinin farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bozar ve t\u00fcketilmeye haz\u0131r \u00f6nceden paketlenmi\u015f form\u00fcllerde g\u00f6sterir. Ya\u015fam planlar\u0131 art\u0131k nefes alm\u0131yor. Arzular\u0131n ve kopya d\u00fc\u015flerin yerini semboller al\u0131yor, ve onlar\u0131 \u00e7ifte r\u00fcyalara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Potansiyel olarak eri\u015febilece\u011fimiz s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z miktardaki bilgi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00e7emberinin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7memize izin vermez. Aynen, bir markette t\u00fcrl\u00fc t\u00fcrl\u00fc, ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fe yaramaz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin bolluk ve bereket anlam\u0131na gelmemesi ama sadece ticari bir israf olmas\u0131 gibi, bilgideki bir art\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede niteliksel b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye neden olmaz. Neyin do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f, iyi ya da k\u00f6t\u00fc, g\u00fczel ya da \u00e7irkin oldu\u011funa karar vermek i\u00e7in herhangi bir ger\u00e7ek kapasiteye yaratmaz.<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7eklikte, bir tarafta iyi var ya da kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta k\u00f6t\u00fc var de\u011fil. Aksine, sadece gerekli bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve sezginin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, zeka kullanma kapasitesinin, bir anlama kapasitesinin idrak edebilece\u011fi; ko\u015fullar\u0131n, olaylar\u0131n, durumlar\u0131n, teorilerin ve pratiklerin tamamen bir \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi var. K\u00fclt\u00fcr bir bilgi k\u00fctlesi de\u011fil, ama ya\u015fayan ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla tutars\u0131z olan, onun arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ve kendimizin bilgisini kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir sistem. Bu, ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve ya\u015fama kapasitemizi olu\u015fturan ili\u015fkilerin fark\u0131na varmam\u0131zla hemen hemen her zaman doyurucu ve bazen ac\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 olan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak, bir kez daha, kendimizi elimizdeki istatistiksel bir e\u011friyle, matematiksel bir model taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilmi\u015f olaylar\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131 rotas\u0131nda buluyoruz, -par\u00e7al\u0131 ve u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z ger\u00e7eklikte de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bize bir taraftan kesinlik sunar, ama di\u011fer taraftan da bizi yoksulla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve m\u00fccadele etme kapasitemizden mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00fcnyan\u0131n oldu\u011fundan daha basit oldu\u011funa ikna olarak sonuca var\u0131r\u0131z. Bu tamamiyle bizi kontrol etmek isteyenlerin ilgilendi\u011fi \u015fey. Bilimin kendilerinin taraf\u0131nda oldu\u011funa ikna olmu\u015f mutlu mesut bir \u00f6zneler kitlesi; gelecekte hakimiyet projelerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7\u00a0\u00a0 duyduklar\u0131 \u015fey i\u015fte bu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> Canenero &#8211; KaraK\u00f6pek<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/theanarchistlibrary.org\/HTML\/Various_Authors__Articles_from__Canenero_.html#toc7\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/theanarchistlibrary.org\/HTML\/Various_Authors__Articles_from__Canenero_.html#toc7<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce herkesin sahip oldu\u011fu ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z bir ticari mal. \u00dcretimi ekonominin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermekte, ve t\u00fcketimi de insanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a vaktini al\u0131yor. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca karakteristi\u011fi ise netli\u011fi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[37,149,150,148],"class_list":["post-229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-turkce-makaleler","tag-bonanno","tag-canenero","tag-karakopek","tag-ovgu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=229"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":232,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/229\/revisions\/232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yasamaevet.noblogs.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}